When a charged particle placed at a point of space, experiences a force, a field is said to be present in the space. This field which exerts force on a charge is called electric field.
Electric field at a point P near a charged object can be defined as
Electric field at a point P near a charged object can be defined as
Where qo is positive point charge (called test charge) and 
is the force experienced by it when it is placed at P.
The magnitude of electric field is
, where F = | |. The direction of electric field is the direction of forced experienced by the test charge.
Thus it follows that when a charge q is placed in electric field, it experiences a force
Units: SI unit of electric field is N/C. (or V/m)
Electric Field Due to a Point Charge
A point charge q is placed at O. To define electric field at a point P, we place at test charge qo and find the force acting on it.
is the force experienced by it when it is placed at P.The magnitude of electric field is
, where F = | |. The direction of electric field is the direction of forced experienced by the test charge.Thus it follows that when a charge q is placed in electric field, it experiences a force
Units: SI unit of electric field is N/C. (or V/m)
Electric Field Due to a Point Charge
A point charge q is placed at O. To define electric field at a point P, we place at test charge qo and find the force acting on it.
Magnitude of electric field
This direction of electric field is along the line OP away from O.
Electric field vectors due to point charge
Superposition principle
It states that at a given point, the electric field due to separate charge distributions simply add up vectorially.
We can find the net or resultant electric field due to more than one point charge with the aid to principle of superposition. If we place a test charge qo near n point charges, the net force acting on it is.
(where
is force on test charge due to ith charge)
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